The Konso people of southwestern Ethiopia lived in thirty-five fortified towns that can be considered city-states from an undetermined time right up until 1900 A.D.
Christopher R. Hallpike, a Ph.D. from Oxford University and a Professor at McMaster University, has written the definitive book on the Ethiopian Konso people --- "The Konso of Ethiopia: A Study of the Values of a Cushitic People" -- which clearly documents the existence of rudimentary political "factions." However, when I asked Dr. Hallpike specifically if such factions triggered off local wars, with the limited sources available, he could provide no hard evidence pro or con.
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